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A proxy, also known as a proxy can also be referred to as a proxy server. is software that functions in the role of intermediaries between client and server via the internet. Without the proxy, a client would send a request for anything directly to the server, and servers would serve the requested resource directly to the user. Although this method is easy to comprehend and use the addition of proxy servers could provide advantages including increased speed, privacy and security, etc. In addition to providing a layer of security proxy servers function as a gatekeeper for the internet between servers and clients.




The general consensus is that the system of hardware for servers, paired with proxy software is also often referred as proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxies traditionally defined as software, and more specifically in relation to web servers. We will present a summary of the two primary types of proxies which are forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each kind has a distinct use, and can be confusing due to the same name convention.




This article will provide you with an idea of different types of proxy and subtypes, and their value in common configurations. Through this article you'll be able recognize the situations where you could benefit from a proxy and make the right option between reverse proxy and forward proxy in any given circumstance.



Understanding Forward Proxies



Forward proxy, also known as open proxy, sometimes referred to as open proxy acts as an agent for the user who wishes to send a request via the internet to a source server. In this instance, any attempt to send requests made by the user will be handled by this forward proxy. A forward proxy that is in place of the client will review the request. It first will determine if the client is legally authorized to accept requests from this particular forward proxy. It will then either reject any request, or redirect it to the server that originated it. The client will not be allowed an internet connection directly. it can only be able to access the information that forward proxy grants the access.




A very common applications for forward proxy servers is to provide greater security or privacy on the internet. Forward proxy connects to the internet instead of an individual client, and may use a different IP address in comparison to the IP address that is used by the client.




Depending on how it's been set up, and how it's set up, forward proxy may offer a range of options and let you:




Do not click on ads that track you.


Circumvent surveillance.


Determine restrictions based on your location.




Forward proxies are also used in systems to offer central security and permit-based access to the internet, for instance in a workplace. In the event that all internet traffic is routed through a common forward proxy layer an administrator is able to allow only specific clients access to the internet. The web is filtered by an common firewall. Instead of having firewalls on the client layer which may comprise a variety of machines with various user configurations, firewalls may be placed on the front proxy layer.




Be aware that forward proxies should be manually configured for use while reverse proxies could be ignored in the eyes of the user. Based on the type of IP address of a client is sent to the server that originated it through the forward proxy, privacy and security may be made transparent.




There are a myriad of possibilities to consider when deciding on forward proxy options:




Apache is a well-known open source web server that offers forward proxy capabilities.


Nginx is another well-known open-source webserver which has forward proxy capability.


Squid: An open source forward proxy that utilizes an HTTP protocol. It does not contain the entire web server. It is possible to refer to our guide on the best method to install Squid proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante is a forward proxy which uses the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it suitable for scenarios such as peer-to-peer communication. You can also learn how to set up an Dante proxy for connection to private networks in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy acts as the web server, which handles the requests of customers on behalf of the server. This server can serve as a one server, or as a series of servers. Additionally, it can contain an application server such as Gunicorn. In any of these instances, a request would come through the internet at large. In most cases the request is made directly to the server along with all the information the user requires. A reverse proxy serves as an intermediary, segregating your web server from communication with the internet's users.




From a consumer's point viewpoint from the perspective of a client reverse proxy use isn't different from connecting directly to an internet server. It's functionally the same but the client can't discern the distinction. The client asks for the resource, and then gets it without any further configuration required by the client.




Reverse proxy providers offer options like:




A central layer of security to guard the server.


Directing incoming traffic based on rules that you set up.


A new feature to cache is now available.




Central security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy services, reverse proxies provide this feature to the server layer and not the client layer. Instead of focusing on maintaining firewalls on the server level that could contain multiple servers and different configurations, the majority of firewall security is directed at the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, taking the burden of communicating with firewalls as well as interacting with requests from clients outside of web servers allows them to focus solely on meeting the requirements of their customers.




In the event of multiple servers hosted by a reverse proxy it also is responsible for routing requests towards which servers. Multiple web servers could be operating on the same server, serving different types of resources or a mixture of the two. They can utilize their HTTP protocol to function as a normal web server, however they can additionally include protocols for application servers like FastCGI. You can set up reverse proxy that routes clients to specific servers based on the request for source, and to follow certain rules for traffic volume.




Reverse proxies can also utilize their position prior to web servers by providing the ability to cache. Large static files can be set using caching rules to prevent from reaching web servers with every request. There are options that provide the possibility of serving static content directly without having to connect with a webserver. Additionally, reverse proxy can help compress these assets.




The well-known Nginx web server is a well-known reverse proxy option. While it is true that the Apache web server is able to use the ability to reverse proxy as an added feature available to Apache but Nginx was initially designed focus on reverse proxy functionality.



Distinguishing Forward Proxy from Reverse Proxy Examples



Since "forward" as well as "reverse" are associated with a sense of directionality and misleading comparisons with "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic and can confuse because both types of proxies process requests and response. Instead, a better way to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy servers is to look at the requirements of the application you're creating.




Reverse proxy is a vital aspect in the design of a system to support web-based applications via the internet. They act as your servers during any interaction through the Internet.




Forward proxy is useful in displaying customer information for your own use, or in a work environment. They represent the client's information whenever you interact on the internet.




A distinction based on usage case instead of focusing solely on similar naming conventions will help avoid confusion.



Conclusion



In this article, we clarified the meaning of a proxy with two types, the reverse and forward proxy. Practical applications as well as an exploration of the beneficial attributes were utilized to identify forward proxies and reverse proxy. If you're interested in the benefits in proxy server, read our guide on how to set up Nginx as web server as well as reverse proxy within Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 Server.



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